Skocz do zawartości
Gość Spoofy

KVM/qemu/libvirt - wydajność raw vs qcow2

Przez Gość Spoofy, w Administracja Serwerów

Polecane posty

Gość Spoofy   

Gość Spoofy
Napisano

Witam.

Otóż ostatnio zacząłem dogłębnie rozmyślać nad kwestiami utrzymywania wirtualek.

Korzystam z libvirt'a (virsh) gdyż wydawał mi się on całkiem przyjazny do obsługi całości, lecz mimo wszystko i tak wiele razy spotykałem się z bug'ami i często najzwyczajniej na świecie wkurzał w użytkowaniu. No ale co zrobić jak jest to całkiem ładny standard który szybko można dostosować do swoich potrzeb (libvirt python bindings etc.).

Problem polega jednak na tym że gdy tworzymy dysk takiej wirtualki musimy przemyśleć decyzję i nie podejmować jej pochopnie (tak jak zrobiłem to ja). Wybrałem format raw ze względu na prostotę, lecz powoli zaczyna mnie wkurzać kwestia backupów.

Anyway, format raw teoretycznie jest szybszy od qcow2 bo jest to zwykły pliczek który ma określoną wielkość i po prostu do niego wszystko jest zapisywane, zaś qcow2 to już bardziej "software'owe" rozwiązanie które umożliwia m.in. szyfrowanie czy robienie backupów "w locie", fizyczna wielkość obrazu jest adekwatna do wykorzystanego miejsca przez wirtualkę, no ale "ponoć" jest wolniejsze.

W związku z tym mam następujące pytania:

- Z czego wy korzystacie, lub co byście wybrali przy KVM/XEN na średnio-mniejsze środowiska?
- Jak bardzo waszym subiektywnym zdaniem qcow2 jest wolniejsze od raw? W sieci jest dużo benchmarków ale są one strasznie zależne od wielu czynników. Jakie są wasze doświadczenia w tym zakresie?

- Czy przy wykorzystaniu raw mogę liczyć na jakąkolwiek formę backupów "w locie", podczas gdy KVM'ka wciąż działa? Do tej pory po prosu wyłączałem wirtualkę i kopiowałem cały obraz raw.
- Czy używa ktoś podobnego sposobu backupów jak tutaj > https://kashyapc.fedorapeople.org/virt/lcco-2014/examples/Efficient-live-disk-backup-with-active-blockcommit.txt ?
- No i najważniejsze pytanie : jak osiągnąć kompromis między optymalną szybkością a wygodą utrzymywania względem backupów?

Serdecznie zapraszam do dyskusji i do dzielenia się swoimi doświadczeniami.

Udostępnij ten post

Link to postu
Udostępnij na innych stronach

malu    460

malu
Napisano

Dlaczego nie podepniesz bezpośrednio LVMa?
Imho. najsensowniejsze wyjście z sytuacji.

Udostępnij ten post

Link to postu
Udostępnij na innych stronach

Dentarg    46

Dentarg
Napisano

Qcow jest bardzo elastyczny, ale ja jakoś przyzwyczaiłem się do korzystania z LVMa. Jedyny minus, to że starsze wersje qemu nie potrafią odświeżyć sobie wielkości urządzenia blokowego zbudowanego na LVM i żeby zwiększyć virtualny hdd, trzeba zrestartować maszynę.

LVMa można zbackupować w locie za pomocą snapshota, nawet jak się bardzo chcę to na poziomie plików ... gdy maszyna virtualna działa i pisze do LVMa.

Udostępnij ten post

Link to postu
Udostępnij na innych stronach

Gość Spoofy   

Gość Spoofy
Napisano

Hmmm... jednak LVM.. no tak, tylko że ja jakoś w resource planie tego nie przewidziałem :D

Udostępnij ten post

Link to postu
Udostępnij na innych stronach

przemon    35

przemon
Napisano

Qcow jest bardzo elastyczny, ale ja jakoś przyzwyczaiłem się do korzystania z LVMa. Jedyny minus, to że starsze wersje qemu nie potrafią odświeżyć sobie wielkości urządzenia blokowego zbudowanego na LVM i żeby zwiększyć virtualny hdd, trzeba zrestartować maszynę.

LVMa można zbackupować w locie za pomocą snapshota, nawet jak się bardzo chcę to na poziomie plików ... gdy maszyna virtualna działa i pisze do LVMa.

 

qcow2 też można backupować w locie za pomocą snapshota

Udostępnij ten post

Link to postu
Udostępnij na innych stronach

Gość Spoofy   

Gość Spoofy
Napisano

 

qcow2 też można backupować w locie za pomocą snapshota

No właśnie, tylko co z jego wydajnością? Akurat tak się złożyło że jest jeden setup gdzie kompletnie nie mam jak teraz w prosty sposób ogarnąć LVM bo zwyczajnie tego nie planowałem (mdadm + dwa dyski podzielone na logiczne partycje, gdzie ogarnięcie / na LVM wiązałoby się z jakimś małym piekiełkiem ;-) )

Udostępnij ten post

Link to postu
Udostępnij na innych stronach

Gość Spoofy   

Gość Spoofy
Napisano (edytowany)

W związku z tym iż niestety nie otrzymałem konkretnych odpowiedzi oraz trafiła mi się maszyna która będzie niebawem sprzedana, stwierdziłem że sam przeprowadzę testy. Do testów również zainspirował mnie Mateusz Adach podsyłając mi gotową linijkę fio jako alternatywę dla dd, ta strona, ten wpis na blogu oraz bardziej oficjalny test na tej stronie.

Owe testy miały wykazać przybliżone wartości, z których mógłbym wyciągnąć średnią i ocenić, który format jest lepszy/szybszy a który gorszy oraz czy standardowy tuning konfiguracji ma realne znaczenie wydajnościowe.

Poniżej przedstawię wyniki oraz przebieg testów, pragnę jednak stanowczo zaznaczyć, iż są one subiektywne i przedstawiają one wartości otrzymane na konkretnym środowisku do celów własnych.

Podkreślam, że testy były przeprowadzane na konkretnie skonfigurowanym środowisku, które mimo starań nie zostało odpowiednio przygotowane!
Innymi słowy - nie są to wyniki testów w sterylnym środowisku laboratoryjnym. Szczegóły opisane poniżej.


Założenie

Do obalenia są trzy tezy:

Primo - Format RAW jest szybszy od QCOW2
Secundo - Nowsze wersje qemu oraz libvirt mają znaczenie w wydajności
Trieto - Opcje cache'owania oraz "tuningu" konfiguracji mają znaczenie


Środowisko

Hardware:
Testy zostały przeprowadzone na przeciętnym serwerze dedykowanym;

CPU: Intel® Xeon® CPU E3-1245 V2 @ 3.40GHz
RAM: 32 Gb ECC
HDD: 2x INTEL SSDSA2CW120G3 SSD

Software:
OS hosta: Debian Wheezy, kernel: 3.2.68 ( custom longterm/stable )
OS guest'a: Debian Wheezy, kernel: 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 (debian longterm/stable )


System plików zarówno na guest'cie jak i host'cie: EXT4
Zarówno host jak i guest nie używały LVM'a.

WAŻNE: Dyski na host'cie były ustawione w software'owej macierzy (mdadm) RAID 0 (striped)


Guest obsługiwany za pomocą libvirsh oraz wykorzystujący sterownik IDE do obsługi dysku wirtualnego ( prawdopodobnie przy wykorzystaniu virtio otrzymałbym inne wartości - ale to już temat na zupełnie inne testy ;) )

Starsza wersja qemu: 1.0
Starsza wersja libvirt: 0.9.8


Nowsza wersja qemu: 2.0.0
Nowsza wersja libvirt: 1.2.2
Tak, wiem - i tak to nie jest "bleeding edge", ale nie miałem czasu bawić się w kompilację, dlatego użyłem dostępnych paczek wybierając wersje używane, bądź zbliżone do obecnie używanych w środowiskach produkcyjnych.


Przygotowania

Tworzenie maszyny wirtualnej za pomocą virt-install :

virt-install --virt-type kvm --name wheezy --ram 1024 \
--cdrom=/media/debian-7.8.0-amd64-netinst.iso \
--vcpus 1 \
--disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/wheezy.img,size=10,format=raw \
--network network=default \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole \
--os-type=linux

Aby zminimalizować błędy odczytu, założyłem że testy będą przeprowadzane w nocy, gdy jest najmniejszy ruch sieciowy ( poza Chinami, Rosją i Brazylią - bo Ci to nigdy nie śpią... ).
Podczas testów na hoście wyłączyłem wszystkie zbędne usługi, nie były wykonywane żadne cronjob'y. Wszystkiego wyłączyć niestety nie mogłem, lecz reszta usług w tym czasie raczej sobie spokojnie idle'owała. Dodatkowo wyłączyłem prawie wszystko to, co mogło powodować jakikolwiek zmienny lub wysoki load CPU czy IO HDD hosta. W tle jako margines błędu podczas odczytów IO dysku można jedynie doliczyć syslog'a który czasem coś tam logował z iptables.


Aby potwierdzić bądź obalić tezę nr. 2, stwierdziłem że przeprowadzę je z popularnymi opcjami jakie są używane w przypadku ustawiania maszyn wirtualnych, takimi jak :

io=native - The optional io attribute controls specific policies on I/O; qemu guests support "threads" and "native". Since 0.8.8
cache=writeback - The optional cache attribute controls the cache mechanism, possible values are "default", "none", "writethrough", "writeback" "directsync" (like "writethrough", but it bypasses the host page cache) and "unsafe" (host may cache all disk io, and sync requests from guest are ignored). Since 0.6.0, "directsync" since 0.9.5, "unsafe" since 0.9.7

oraz bez nich - aby porównać czy są one coś warte, lub czy przeszkadzają ( tak jak zwykło się mówić w przypadku jakiegokolwiek cache'owania przy qcow2 ).

Do testów posłużyły mi jakże amatorskie i ogólnodostępne narzędzia takie jak: hdparm, dd oraz fio. W tle pracował również htop aby naocznie sprawdzać zużycie CPU.

Test hdparm:

hdparm -tT /dev/hda1

Test dd:

time dd if=/dev/zero of=speedtest bs=1024 count=100000

Test fio:

fio  --filename=/root/test --direct=1 --rw=randrw --bs=4k --size=1G --numjobs=64 --iodepth=32 --runtime=120 --group_reporting --name=file1 --ioengine=libaio --thread --gtod_reduce=1 --use_os_rand=1

Specjalnie dla wszystkich miłośników CLI nie będę się bawić w żadne ładne graficzne chartsy tylko dam wycinki output'ów ;-)

Dodatkowo każdy test był wykonywany po trzy razy, aby wyciągnąć średnią.


Początek

Najpierw, za pomocą qemu-img wygenerowałem obraz raw:

Informacje obrazu raw ( qemu-img info ):


image: wheezy.img
file format: raw
virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes)
disk size: 6.2G

Następnie wygenerowany obraz RAW, za pomocą qemu-img konwertowałem osobno dla każdej wersji QEMU na format QCOW2.
Z ciekawości sprawdziłem że obraz wygenerowany w nowszej wersji QEMU nie chce się odpalić na starszej ( wraz ze starszym libvirt'em ).
Obraz QCOW2 generowany był bez wykorzystania kompresji oraz z wykorzystaniem prealokacji następującą komendą:

qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 -o preallocation=metadata wheezy.img wheezy.qcow2

Informacje obrazu QCOW2 dla wersji QEMU 1.0 ( qemu-img info ):

image: wheezy.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes)
disk size: 1.7G
cluster_size: 65536

Informacje obrazu QCOW2 dla wersji QEMU 2.0 ( qemu-img info ):

image: wheezy.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes)
disk size: 1.7G
cluster_size: 65536
Format specific information:
    compat: 1.1
    lazy refcounts: false

Przebieg testów

Test kontrolny hosta
- Test macierzy md2¸ na której znajdują się obrazy maszyny wirtualnej do testów


hdparam test no1
wynik:


 Timing cached reads:   23052 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11539.24 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1410 MB in  3.00 seconds = 469.92 MB/sec

hdparam test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23352 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11689.16 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1382 MB in  3.00 seconds = 460.57 MB/sec

hdparam test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22632 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11329.35 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1388 MB in  3.00 seconds = 462.25 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.149878 s, 683 MB/s
 
real 0m0.151s
user 0m0.020s
sys 0m0.130s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.174841 s, 586 MB/s
 
real 0m0.370s
user 0m0.010s
sys 0m0.170s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.166383 s, 615 MB/s
 
real 0m0.180s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.170s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=17078
  read : io=5837.3MB, bw=49781KB/s, iops=12445 , runt=120073msec
  write: io=5836.3MB, bw=49773KB/s, iops=12443 , runt=120073msec
  cpu          : usr=3.70%, sys=27.93%, ctx=144510855, majf=0, minf=141576
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.9%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w/d: total=1494332/1494084/0, short=0/0/0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=5837.3MB, aggrb=49780KB/s, minb=50975KB/s, maxb=50975KB/s, mint=120073msec, maxt=120073msec
  WRITE: io=5836.3MB, aggrb=49772KB/s, minb=50967KB/s, maxb=50967KB/s, mint=120073msec, maxt=120073msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  md2: ios=1493858/1495101, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%, aggrios=747240/747450, aggrmerge=270/922, aggrticks=3098770/9212300, aggrin_queue=12311610, aggrutil=93.12%
    sdb: ios=769333/769640, merge=299/1136, ticks=3245000/11701820, in_queue=14947010, util=93.12%
    sda: ios=725148/725260, merge=241/709, ticks=2952540/6722780, in_queue=9676210, util=90.51%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=19368
  read : io=6503.6MB, bw=55465KB/s, iops=13866 , runt=120069msec
  write: io=6494.3MB, bw=55386KB/s, iops=13846 , runt=120069msec
  cpu          : usr=3.93%, sys=30.98%, ctx=165218118, majf=0, minf=141480
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.9%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w/d: total=1664894/1662530/0, short=0/0/0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=6503.6MB, aggrb=55464KB/s, minb=56795KB/s, maxb=56795KB/s, mint=120069msec, maxt=120069msec
  WRITE: io=6494.3MB, aggrb=55385KB/s, minb=56715KB/s, maxb=56715KB/s, mint=120069msec, maxt=120069msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  md2: ios=1663788/1661955, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%, aggrios=832298/830848, aggrmerge=181/892, aggrticks=3380485/9579215, aggrin_queue=12960795, aggrutil=95.46%
    sdb: ios=856828/855400, merge=156/1176, ticks=3559560/12431070, in_queue=15991430, util=95.46%
    sda: ios=807768/806297, merge=207/609, ticks=3201410/6727360, in_queue=9930160, util=92.90%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=31550
  read : io=6443.4MB, bw=54948KB/s, iops=13736 , runt=120077msec
  write: io=6442.1MB, bw=54945KB/s, iops=13736 , runt=120077msec
  cpu          : usr=4.08%, sys=30.60%, ctx=163297157, majf=0, minf=137545
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.9%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued r/w/d: total=1649486/1649394/0, short=0/0/0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=6443.4MB, aggrb=54947KB/s, minb=56266KB/s, maxb=56266KB/s, mint=120077msec, maxt=120077msec
  WRITE: io=6442.1MB, aggrb=54944KB/s, minb=56263KB/s, maxb=56263KB/s, mint=120077msec, maxt=120077msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  md2: ios=1648204/1648570, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%, aggrios=824585/824223, aggrmerge=158/820, aggrticks=3417595/9623995, aggrin_queue=13041985, aggrutil=95.71%
    sdb: ios=849596/847895, merge=157/1113, ticks=3573740/12455120, in_queue=16030110, util=95.71%
    sda: ios=799574/800551, merge=159/527, ticks=3261450/6792870, in_queue=10053860, util=93.41%

 



Testy RAW dla starszej wersji QEMU

  • RAW

 


hdparam test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23704 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11866.90 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1786 MB in  3.00 seconds = 595.02 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23080 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11553.69 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2100 MB in  3.00 seconds = 699.49 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23000 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11514.16 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2026 MB in  3.00 seconds = 675.29 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.372035 s, 275 MB/s
 
real 0m0.382s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.152s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.368313 s, 278 MB/s
 
real 0m0.378s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.160s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.31112 s, 329 MB/s
 
real 0m0.321s
user 0m0.020s
sys 0m0.144s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1999
  read : io=949912KB, bw=7874.4KB/s, iops=1968 , runt=120634msec
  write: io=948584KB, bw=7863.4KB/s, iops=1965 , runt=120634msec
  cpu          : usr=0.82%, sys=5.56%, ctx=3695491, majf=0, minf=112024
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=237478/w=237146/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=949912KB, aggrb=7874KB/s, minb=7874KB/s, maxb=7874KB/s, mint=120634msec, maxt=120634msec
  WRITE: io=948584KB, aggrb=7863KB/s, minb=7863KB/s, maxb=7863KB/s, mint=120634msec, maxt=120634msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=237281/237043, merge=17/46, ticks=8528640/8577388, in_queue=17108136, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2065
  read : io=953896KB, bw=7902.2KB/s, iops=1975 , runt=120714msec
  write: io=950232KB, bw=7871.8KB/s, iops=1967 , runt=120714msec
  cpu          : usr=0.97%, sys=5.58%, ctx=3703416, majf=0, minf=112028
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=238474/w=237558/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=953896KB, aggrb=7902KB/s, minb=7902KB/s, maxb=7902KB/s, mint=120714msec, maxt=120714msec
  WRITE: io=950232KB, aggrb=7871KB/s, minb=7871KB/s, maxb=7871KB/s, mint=120714msec, maxt=120714msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=238131/237257, merge=17/39, ticks=8543172/8545344, in_queue=17094268, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2131
  read : io=947832KB, bw=7855.5KB/s, iops=1963 , runt=120660msec
  write: io=950664KB, bw=7878.9KB/s, iops=1969 , runt=120660msec
  cpu          : usr=0.85%, sys=5.52%, ctx=3695744, majf=0, minf=112041
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=236958/w=237666/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=947832KB, aggrb=7855KB/s, minb=7855KB/s, maxb=7855KB/s, mint=120660msec, maxt=120660msec
  WRITE: io=950664KB, aggrb=7878KB/s, minb=7878KB/s, maxb=7878KB/s, mint=120660msec, maxt=120660msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=236671/237440, merge=20/39, ticks=8510884/8589788, in_queue=17103560, util=100.00%

 

 

  • RAW + io='native'

 

 

hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22932 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11480.53 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1802 MB in  3.00 seconds = 600.62 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23184 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11606.38 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2080 MB in  3.00 seconds = 693.13 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23276 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11652.40 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2074 MB in  3.00 seconds = 690.91 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.393048 s, 261 MB/s
 
real 0m0.401s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.184s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.366665 s, 279 MB/s
 
real 0m0.376s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.160s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.337137 s, 304 MB/s
 
real 0m0.347s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.172s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1994
  read : io=958580KB, bw=7934.2KB/s, iops=1983 , runt=120817msec
  write: io=957580KB, bw=7925.9KB/s, iops=1981 , runt=120817msec
  cpu          : usr=0.77%, sys=5.64%, ctx=3723796, majf=0, minf=112059
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=239645/w=239395/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=958580KB, aggrb=7934KB/s, minb=7934KB/s, maxb=7934KB/s, mint=120817msec, maxt=120817msec
  WRITE: io=957580KB, aggrb=7925KB/s, minb=7925KB/s, maxb=7925KB/s, mint=120817msec, maxt=120817msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=239159/238976, merge=16/49, ticks=8522416/8589676, in_queue=17120652, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2060
  read : io=953884KB, bw=7896.9KB/s, iops=1974 , runt=120793msec
  write: io=954596KB, bw=7902.8KB/s, iops=1975 , runt=120793msec
  cpu          : usr=0.92%, sys=5.44%, ctx=3710430, majf=0, minf=112048
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=238471/w=238649/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=953884KB, aggrb=7896KB/s, minb=7896KB/s, maxb=7896KB/s, mint=120793msec, maxt=120793msec
  WRITE: io=954596KB, aggrb=7902KB/s, minb=7902KB/s, maxb=7902KB/s, mint=120793msec, maxt=120793msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=237994/238185, merge=19/35, ticks=8520456/8578772, in_queue=17101724, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2126
  read : io=943272KB, bw=7815.7KB/s, iops=1953 , runt=120691msec
  write: io=945752KB, bw=7836.2KB/s, iops=1959 , runt=120691msec
  cpu          : usr=0.82%, sys=5.26%, ctx=3679440, majf=0, minf=112019
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=235818/w=236438/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=943272KB, aggrb=7815KB/s, minb=7815KB/s, maxb=7815KB/s, mint=120691msec, maxt=120691msec
  WRITE: io=945752KB, aggrb=7836KB/s, minb=7836KB/s, maxb=7836KB/s, mint=120691msec, maxt=120691msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=235536/236202, merge=20/36, ticks=8509828/8579808, in_queue=17107804, util=100.00%

 

 

  • RAW + cache='writeback'

 

 

hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23536 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11782.47 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1758 MB in  3.00 seconds = 585.56 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23194 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11611.36 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2078 MB in  3.00 seconds = 692.50 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22846 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11436.93 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2108 MB in  3.00 seconds = 702.26 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.192263 s, 533 MB/s
 
real 0m0.200s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.156s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.170718 s, 600 MB/s
 
real 0m0.186s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.156s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.185398 s, 552 MB/s
 
real 0m0.196s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.176s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1991
  read : io=1605.3MB, bw=13612KB/s, iops=3403 , runt=120761msec
  write: io=1601.1MB, bw=13584KB/s, iops=3395 , runt=120761msec
  cpu          : usr=1.69%, sys=29.13%, ctx=6258158, majf=0, minf=112027
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=410953/w=410103/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1605.3MB, aggrb=13612KB/s, minb=13612KB/s, maxb=13612KB/s, mint=120761msec, maxt=120761msec
  WRITE: io=1601.1MB, aggrb=13583KB/s, minb=13583KB/s, maxb=13583KB/s, mint=120761msec, maxt=120761msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=410235/409410, merge=19/51, ticks=8346712/8374740, in_queue=16729072, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2057
  read : io=1614.3MB, bw=13718KB/s, iops=3429 , runt=120496msec
  write: io=1613.4MB, bw=13708KB/s, iops=3426 , runt=120496msec
  cpu          : usr=1.66%, sys=29.27%, ctx=6247898, majf=0, minf=111957
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=413240/w=412936/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1614.3MB, aggrb=13717KB/s, minb=13717KB/s, maxb=13717KB/s, mint=120496msec, maxt=120496msec
  WRITE: io=1613.4MB, aggrb=13707KB/s, minb=13707KB/s, maxb=13707KB/s, mint=120496msec, maxt=120496msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=412551/412311, merge=87/66, ticks=8323976/8430260, in_queue=16758392, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2126
  read : io=1627.4MB, bw=13797KB/s, iops=3449 , runt=120754msec
  write: io=1621.8MB, bw=13752KB/s, iops=3438 , runt=120754msec
  cpu          : usr=1.70%, sys=29.41%, ctx=6411498, majf=0, minf=112013
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=416522/w=415158/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1627.4MB, aggrb=13797KB/s, minb=13797KB/s, maxb=13797KB/s, mint=120754msec, maxt=120754msec
  WRITE: io=1621.8MB, aggrb=13752KB/s, minb=13752KB/s, maxb=13752KB/s, mint=120754msec, maxt=120754msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=415764/414393, merge=23/42, ticks=8379628/8318164, in_queue=16708876, util=100.00%

 

 

  • RAW + cache='writeback' + io='native'

 

 

hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23372 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11700.68 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1800 MB in  3.00 seconds = 599.98 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22716 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11371.69 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2120 MB in  3.00 seconds = 706.32 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22622 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11323.89 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1890 MB in  3.00 seconds = 629.83 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.175793 s, 583 MB/s
 
real 0m0.187s
user 0m0.020s
sys 0m0.140s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.166774 s, 614 MB/s
 
real 0m0.178s
user 0m0.016s
sys 0m0.140s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.17246 s, 594 MB/s
 
real 0m0.183s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.148s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1992
  read : io=1588.2MB, bw=13478KB/s, iops=3369 , runt=120663msec
  write: io=1586.7MB, bw=13465KB/s, iops=3366 , runt=120663msec
  cpu          : usr=1.71%, sys=27.17%, ctx=6085480, majf=0, minf=112011
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=406560/w=406176/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1588.2MB, aggrb=13477KB/s, minb=13477KB/s, maxb=13477KB/s, mint=120663msec, maxt=120663msec
  WRITE: io=1586.7MB, aggrb=13464KB/s, minb=13464KB/s, maxb=13464KB/s, mint=120663msec, maxt=120663msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=406042/405688, merge=22/55, ticks=8372624/8354124, in_queue=16732336, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2058
  read : io=1598.1MB, bw=13571KB/s, iops=3392 , runt=120651msec
  write: io=1602.3MB, bw=13599KB/s, iops=3399 , runt=120651msec
  cpu          : usr=1.62%, sys=28.57%, ctx=6113995, majf=0, minf=112007
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=409338/w=410182/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1598.1MB, aggrb=13570KB/s, minb=13570KB/s, maxb=13570KB/s, mint=120651msec, maxt=120651msec
  WRITE: io=1602.3MB, aggrb=13598KB/s, minb=13598KB/s, maxb=13598KB/s, mint=120651msec, maxt=120651msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=408963/409862, merge=28/45, ticks=8332124/8399428, in_queue=16743528, util=100.00%

fio test no3

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2124
  read : io=1599.8MB, bw=13575KB/s, iops=3393 , runt=120672msec
  write: io=1599.8MB, bw=13575KB/s, iops=3393 , runt=120672msec
  cpu          : usr=1.78%, sys=28.09%, ctx=6163458, majf=0, minf=112017
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=409540/w=409532/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1599.8MB, aggrb=13575KB/s, minb=13575KB/s, maxb=13575KB/s, mint=120672msec, maxt=120672msec
  WRITE: io=1599.8MB, aggrb=13575KB/s, minb=13575KB/s, maxb=13575KB/s, mint=120672msec, maxt=120672msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=409038/409056, merge=18/53, ticks=8347436/8342832, in_queue=16695296, util=100.00%

 



Testy QCOW2 dla starszej wersji QEMU

  • QCOW2

 

 

hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22652 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11339.97 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2118 MB in  3.00 seconds = 705.39 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23550 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11789.31 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2010 MB in  3.00 seconds = 669.65 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22874 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11451.01 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2080 MB in  3.00 seconds = 692.88 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.383888 s, 267 MB/s
 
real 0m0.399s
user 0m0.016s
sys 0m0.148s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.386075 s, 265 MB/s
 
real 0m0.397s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.148s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.378 s, 271 MB/s
 
real 0m0.388s
user 0m0.024s
sys 0m0.128s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2003
  read : io=965756KB, bw=7991.1KB/s, iops=1997 , runt=120842msec
  write: io=963972KB, bw=7977.2KB/s, iops=1994 , runt=120842msec
  cpu          : usr=0.96%, sys=5.67%, ctx=3744826, majf=0, minf=112065
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=241439/w=240993/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=965756KB, aggrb=7991KB/s, minb=7991KB/s, maxb=7991KB/s, mint=120842msec, maxt=120842msec
  WRITE: io=963972KB, aggrb=7977KB/s, minb=7977KB/s, maxb=7977KB/s, mint=120842msec, maxt=120842msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=241322/240925, merge=12/35, ticks=8553348/8583404, in_queue=17138672, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2069
  read : io=926448KB, bw=7672.9KB/s, iops=1918 , runt=120744msec
  write: io=927248KB, bw=7679.5KB/s, iops=1919 , runt=120744msec
  cpu          : usr=0.90%, sys=5.23%, ctx=3627391, majf=0, minf=112034
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=231612/w=231812/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=926448KB, aggrb=7672KB/s, minb=7672KB/s, maxb=7672KB/s, mint=120744msec, maxt=120744msec
  WRITE: io=927248KB, aggrb=7679KB/s, minb=7679KB/s, maxb=7679KB/s, mint=120744msec, maxt=120744msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=231239/231476, merge=20/38, ticks=8528012/8589528, in_queue=17120372, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2135
  read : io=893348KB, bw=7398.4KB/s, iops=1849 , runt=120749msec
  write: io=894556KB, bw=7408.5KB/s, iops=1852 , runt=120749msec
  cpu          : usr=0.80%, sys=5.06%, ctx=3530805, majf=0, minf=112050
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=223337/w=223639/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=893348KB, aggrb=7398KB/s, minb=7398KB/s, maxb=7398KB/s, mint=120749msec, maxt=120749msec
  WRITE: io=894556KB, aggrb=7408KB/s, minb=7408KB/s, maxb=7408KB/s, mint=120749msec, maxt=120749msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=222917/223212, merge=15/42, ticks=8511916/8577344, in_queue=17102780, util=100.00%

 

 

  • QCOW2 + io='native

 

 

hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22900 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11465.08 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2072 MB in  3.00 seconds = 690.06 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22694 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11360.23 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2082 MB in  3.00 seconds = 693.30 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23052 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11539.84 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2092 MB in  3.00 seconds = 696.48 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.330057 s, 310 MB/s
 
real 0m0.340s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.148s
dd test no2

wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.321141 s, 319 MB/s
 
real 0m0.331s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.144s
dd test no3

wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.34828 s, 294 MB/s
 
real 0m0.358s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.156s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1994
  read : io=948752KB, bw=7850.2KB/s, iops=1962 , runt=120858msec
  write: io=948464KB, bw=7847.8KB/s, iops=1961 , runt=120858msec
  cpu          : usr=0.83%, sys=5.46%, ctx=3694728, majf=0, minf=112074
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=237188/w=237116/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=948752KB, aggrb=7850KB/s, minb=7850KB/s, maxb=7850KB/s, mint=120858msec, maxt=120858msec
  WRITE: io=948464KB, aggrb=7847KB/s, minb=7847KB/s, maxb=7847KB/s, mint=120858msec, maxt=120858msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=237032/237016, merge=14/49, ticks=8538608/8613528, in_queue=17154448, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2060
  read : io=940792KB, bw=7780.2KB/s, iops=1945 , runt=120909msec
  write: io=940552KB, bw=7779.7KB/s, iops=1944 , runt=120909msec
  cpu          : usr=0.84%, sys=5.31%, ctx=3671864, majf=0, minf=112095
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=235198/w=235138/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=940792KB, aggrb=7780KB/s, minb=7780KB/s, maxb=7780KB/s, mint=120909msec, maxt=120909msec
  WRITE: io=940552KB, aggrb=7779KB/s, minb=7779KB/s, maxb=7779KB/s, mint=120909msec, maxt=120909msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=234958/234931, merge=18/43, ticks=8538592/8582048, in_queue=17128192, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2126
  read : io=930460KB, bw=7703.6KB/s, iops=1925 , runt=120783msec
  write: io=934244KB, bw=7734.1KB/s, iops=1933 , runt=120783msec
  cpu          : usr=0.89%, sys=5.29%, ctx=3644270, majf=0, minf=112053
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.2%, 32=99.6%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=232615/w=233561/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=930460KB, aggrb=7703KB/s, minb=7703KB/s, maxb=7703KB/s, mint=120783msec, maxt=120783msec
  WRITE: io=934244KB, aggrb=7734KB/s, minb=7734KB/s, maxb=7734KB/s, mint=120783msec, maxt=120783msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=232132/233121, merge=15/36, ticks=8505604/8597564, in_queue=17109128, util=100.00%

 

 

  • QCOW2 + cache='writeback'

 

 

hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22966 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11496.64 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2104 MB in  3.00 seconds = 701.05 MB/sec
hdparm test no2

wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22908 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11467.50 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2078 MB in  3.00 seconds = 692.44 MB/sec
hdparm test no3

wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23444 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11736.54 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2054 MB in  3.00 seconds = 684.25 MB/sec
dd test no1

wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.191074 s, 536 MB/s
 
real 0m0.213s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.168s
dd test no2

wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.17198 s, 595 MB/s
 
real 0m0.183s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.152s
dd test no3

wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.178284 s, 574 MB/s
 
real 0m0.189s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.164s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1990
  read : io=1615.7MB, bw=13716KB/s, iops=3428 , runt=120620msec
  write: io=1616.7MB, bw=13724KB/s, iops=3431 , runt=120620msec
  cpu          : usr=1.73%, sys=29.87%, ctx=6365801, majf=0, minf=111982
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=413604/w=413852/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1615.7MB, aggrb=13715KB/s, minb=13715KB/s, maxb=13715KB/s, mint=120620msec, maxt=120620msec
  WRITE: io=1616.7MB, aggrb=13724KB/s, minb=13724KB/s, maxb=13724KB/s, mint=120620msec, maxt=120620msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=413394/413691, merge=28/53, ticks=8366344/8318668, in_queue=16701920, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2056
  read : io=1629.1MB, bw=13866KB/s, iops=3466 , runt=120367msec
  write: io=1630.6MB, bw=13872KB/s, iops=3467 , runt=120367msec
  cpu          : usr=1.94%, sys=30.43%, ctx=6438187, majf=0, minf=111924
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=417262/w=417426/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1629.1MB, aggrb=13866KB/s, minb=13866KB/s, maxb=13866KB/s, mint=120367msec, maxt=120367msec
  WRITE: io=1630.6MB, aggrb=13871KB/s, minb=13871KB/s, maxb=13871KB/s, mint=120367msec, maxt=120367msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=417021/417194, merge=24/50, ticks=8292876/8297884, in_queue=16604976, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2122
  read : io=1607.2MB, bw=13630KB/s, iops=3407 , runt=120748msec
  write: io=1614.9MB, bw=13695KB/s, iops=3423 , runt=120748msec
  cpu          : usr=1.81%, sys=29.40%, ctx=6384957, majf=0, minf=112022
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=411434/w=413398/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1607.2MB, aggrb=13629KB/s, minb=13629KB/s, maxb=13629KB/s, mint=120748msec, maxt=120748msec
  WRITE: io=1614.9MB, aggrb=13694KB/s, minb=13694KB/s, maxb=13694KB/s, mint=120748msec, maxt=120748msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=410645/412684, merge=28/46, ticks=8297108/8378264, in_queue=16679000, util=100.00%

 

 

  • QCOW2 + cache='writeback' + io='native'

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23000 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11513.44 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2086 MB in  3.00 seconds = 695.14 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22986 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11506.93 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2122 MB in  3.00 seconds = 706.74 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23174 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11600.75 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2084 MB in  3.00 seconds = 694.49 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.19906 s, 514 MB/s
 
real 0m0.212s
user 0m0.016s
sys 0m0.160s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.182715 s, 560 MB/s
 
real 0m0.195s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.160s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.169967 s, 602 MB/s
 
real 0m0.181s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.148s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1991
  read : io=1620.9MB, bw=13792KB/s, iops=3447 , runt=120341msec
  write: io=1621.5MB, bw=13797KB/s, iops=3449 , runt=120341msec
  cpu          : usr=1.85%, sys=29.00%, ctx=6357350, majf=0, minf=111932
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=414927/w=415089/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1620.9MB, aggrb=13791KB/s, minb=13791KB/s, maxb=13791KB/s, mint=120341msec, maxt=120341msec
  WRITE: io=1621.5MB, aggrb=13797KB/s, minb=13797KB/s, maxb=13797KB/s, mint=120341msec, maxt=120341msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=414718/414954, merge=26/59, ticks=8304404/8360668, in_queue=16671444, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2057
  read : io=1569.8MB, bw=13236KB/s, iops=3309 , runt=121439msec
  write: io=1567.9MB, bw=13220KB/s, iops=3305 , runt=121439msec
  cpu          : usr=1.72%, sys=27.67%, ctx=6119656, majf=0, minf=112204
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=401844/w=401356/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1569.8MB, aggrb=13236KB/s, minb=13236KB/s, maxb=13236KB/s, mint=121439msec, maxt=121439msec
  WRITE: io=1567.9MB, aggrb=13220KB/s, minb=13220KB/s, maxb=13220KB/s, mint=121439msec, maxt=121439msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=401209/400799, merge=32/54, ticks=8392272/8370296, in_queue=16766288, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2123
  read : io=1600.5MB, bw=13601KB/s, iops=3400 , runt=120495msec
  write: io=1597.4MB, bw=13575KB/s, iops=3393 , runt=120495msec
  cpu          : usr=1.70%, sys=28.62%, ctx=6175814, majf=0, minf=111959
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=409701/w=408923/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1600.5MB, aggrb=13600KB/s, minb=13600KB/s, maxb=13600KB/s, mint=120495msec, maxt=120495msec
  WRITE: io=1597.4MB, aggrb=13574KB/s, minb=13574KB/s, maxb=13574KB/s, mint=120495msec, maxt=120495msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=408958/408253, merge=31/49, ticks=8315256/8304660, in_queue=16625692, util=100.00%

 

 

 

Testy RAW dla nowszej wersji QEMU

  • RAW

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   20698 MB in  2.00 seconds = 10366.68 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1646 MB in  3.00 seconds = 548.37 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23212 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11620.42 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1916 MB in  3.00 seconds = 638.12 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   21996 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11010.62 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1836 MB in  3.00 seconds = 611.91 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.169485 s, 604 MB/s
 
real 0m0.180s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.156s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.194242 s, 527 MB/s
 
real 0m0.207s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.184s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.187444 s, 546 MB/s
 
real 0m0.199s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.184s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=3330
  read : io=1606.9MB, bw=13673KB/s, iops=3418 , runt=120341msec
  write: io=1608.3MB, bw=13684KB/s, iops=3421 , runt=120341msec
  cpu          : usr=2.85%, sys=65.75%, ctx=6785651, majf=125, minf=111498
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=411341/w=411699/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1606.9MB, aggrb=13672KB/s, minb=13672KB/s, maxb=13672KB/s, mint=120341msec, maxt=120341msec
  WRITE: io=1608.3MB, aggrb=13684KB/s, minb=13684KB/s, maxb=13684KB/s, mint=120341msec, maxt=120341msec

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=3396
  read : io=1595.4MB, bw=13567KB/s, iops=3391 , runt=120411msec
  write: io=1591.1MB, bw=13538KB/s, iops=3384 , runt=120411msec
  cpu          : usr=2.66%, sys=64.89%, ctx=6692625, majf=0, minf=111716
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=408411/w=407525/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1595.4MB, aggrb=13567KB/s, minb=13567KB/s, maxb=13567KB/s, mint=120411msec, maxt=120411msec
  WRITE: io=1591.1MB, aggrb=13537KB/s, minb=13537KB/s, maxb=13537KB/s, mint=120411msec, maxt=120411msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=407453/406648, merge=16/56, ticks=7605552/7475940, in_queue=15087244, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=3463
  read : io=1603.5MB, bw=13612KB/s, iops=3403 , runt=120623msec
  write: io=1604.4MB, bw=13617KB/s, iops=3404 , runt=120623msec
  cpu          : usr=2.78%, sys=66.38%, ctx=6736315, majf=0, minf=111732
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=410486/w=410634/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1603.5MB, aggrb=13612KB/s, minb=13612KB/s, maxb=13612KB/s, mint=120623msec, maxt=120623msec
  WRITE: io=1604.4MB, aggrb=13617KB/s, minb=13617KB/s, maxb=13617KB/s, mint=120623msec, maxt=120623msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=410302/410459, merge=48/59, ticks=7508068/7424776, in_queue=14936544, util=100.00%

 

 

  • RAW + io='native'

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22684 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11356.01 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1716 MB in  3.00 seconds = 571.82 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   20916 MB in  2.00 seconds = 10469.45 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2056 MB in  3.00 seconds = 685.13 MB/sec

hdparm test no3

 Timing cached reads:   22754 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11391.67 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2008 MB in  3.00 seconds = 669.12 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.200465 s, 511 MB/s
 
real 0m0.213s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.172s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.178364 s, 574 MB/s
 
real 0m0.189s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.168s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.183237 s, 559 MB/s
 
real 0m0.201s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.196s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2002
  read : io=1635.7MB, bw=13891KB/s, iops=3472 , runt=120577msec
  write: io=1638.4MB, bw=13914KB/s, iops=3478 , runt=120577msec
  cpu          : usr=2.68%, sys=67.53%, ctx=6825965, majf=0, minf=111705
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=418722/w=419422/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1635.7MB, aggrb=13890KB/s, minb=13890KB/s, maxb=13890KB/s, mint=120577msec, maxt=120577msec
  WRITE: io=1638.4MB, aggrb=13913KB/s, minb=13913KB/s, maxb=13913KB/s, mint=120577msec, maxt=120577msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=418028/418759, merge=76/50, ticks=7459656/7416192, in_queue=14886728, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2071
  read : io=1639.8MB, bw=13916KB/s, iops=3479 , runt=120660msec
  write: io=1639.8MB, bw=13916KB/s, iops=3478 , runt=120660msec
  cpu          : usr=2.82%, sys=67.92%, ctx=6797841, majf=0, minf=111746
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=419784/w=419768/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1639.8MB, aggrb=13916KB/s, minb=13916KB/s, maxb=13916KB/s, mint=120660msec, maxt=120660msec
  WRITE: io=1639.8MB, aggrb=13915KB/s, minb=13915KB/s, maxb=13915KB/s, mint=120660msec, maxt=120660msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=419423/419449, merge=19/39, ticks=7354536/7319128, in_queue=14680644, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2137
  read : io=1638.9MB, bw=13913KB/s, iops=3478 , runt=120620msec
  write: io=1637.1MB, bw=13905KB/s, iops=3476 , runt=120620msec
  cpu          : usr=2.64%, sys=69.70%, ctx=6711873, majf=0, minf=111709
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=419549/w=419299/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1638.9MB, aggrb=13913KB/s, minb=13913KB/s, maxb=13913KB/s, mint=120620msec, maxt=120620msec
  WRITE: io=1637.1MB, aggrb=13904KB/s, minb=13904KB/s, maxb=13904KB/s, mint=120620msec, maxt=120620msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=418569/418403, merge=18/42, ticks=7081028/7076648, in_queue=14201528, util=100.00%

 

 

  • RAW + cache='writeback'

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   21472 MB in  2.00 seconds = 10748.27 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1694 MB in  3.00 seconds = 564.32 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22750 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11389.99 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1748 MB in  3.00 seconds = 582.65 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   21326 MB in  2.00 seconds = 10675.04 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2100 MB in  3.00 seconds = 699.57 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.195714 s, 523 MB/s
 
real 0m0.212s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.168s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.182459 s, 561 MB/s
 
real 0m0.194s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.168s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.175479 s, 584 MB/s
 
real 0m0.187s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.156s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1997
  read : io=1583.6MB, bw=13448KB/s, iops=3361 , runt=120586msec
  write: io=1587.2MB, bw=13478KB/s, iops=3369 , runt=120586msec
  cpu          : usr=3.05%, sys=64.58%, ctx=6761553, majf=0, minf=111707
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=405396/w=406316/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1583.6MB, aggrb=13447KB/s, minb=13447KB/s, maxb=13447KB/s, mint=120586msec, maxt=120586msec
  WRITE: io=1587.2MB, aggrb=13478KB/s, minb=13478KB/s, maxb=13478KB/s, mint=120586msec, maxt=120586msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=404479/405399, merge=13/53, ticks=7564260/7533972, in_queue=15142276, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2063
  read : io=1586.9MB, bw=13469KB/s, iops=3367 , runt=120638msec
  write: io=1591.2MB, bw=13506KB/s, iops=3376 , runt=120638msec
  cpu          : usr=2.86%, sys=66.13%, ctx=6688984, majf=0, minf=111710
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=406222/w=407346/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1586.9MB, aggrb=13469KB/s, minb=13469KB/s, maxb=13469KB/s, mint=120638msec, maxt=120638msec
  WRITE: io=1591.2MB, aggrb=13506KB/s, minb=13506KB/s, maxb=13506KB/s, mint=120638msec, maxt=120638msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=406103/407255, merge=17/47, ticks=7478432/7495460, in_queue=14976328, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2196
  read : io=1560.3MB, bw=13279KB/s, iops=3319 , runt=120299msec
  write: io=1553.5MB, bw=13223KB/s, iops=3305 , runt=120299msec
  cpu          : usr=2.91%, sys=64.14%, ctx=6575116, majf=0, minf=111656
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=399367/w=397689/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1560.3MB, aggrb=13279KB/s, minb=13279KB/s, maxb=13279KB/s, mint=120299msec, maxt=120299msec
  WRITE: io=1553.5MB, aggrb=13223KB/s, minb=13223KB/s, maxb=13223KB/s, mint=120299msec, maxt=120299msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=398429/396774, merge=19/49, ticks=7510944/7396008, in_queue=14915416, util=100.00%

 

 

  • RAW + cache='writeback' + io='native'

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23024 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11526.04 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1904 MB in  3.00 seconds = 634.32 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22940 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11484.02 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2056 MB in  3.00 seconds = 684.67 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22332 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11179.43 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2032 MB in  3.00 seconds = 676.73 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.204047 s, 502 MB/s
 
real 0m0.213s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.168s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.184534 s, 555 MB/s
 
real 0m0.196s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.168s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.176395 s, 581 MB/s
 
real 0m0.187s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.164s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1995
  read : io=1646.7MB, bw=13991KB/s, iops=3497 , runt=120514msec
  write: io=1646.2MB, bw=13987KB/s, iops=3496 , runt=120514msec
  cpu          : usr=3.10%, sys=67.77%, ctx=6718853, majf=0, minf=111693
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=421533/w=421411/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1646.7MB, aggrb=13991KB/s, minb=13991KB/s, maxb=13991KB/s, mint=120514msec, maxt=120514msec
  WRITE: io=1646.2MB, aggrb=13987KB/s, minb=13987KB/s, maxb=13987KB/s, mint=120514msec, maxt=120514msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=420900/420783, merge=19/47, ticks=7300476/7271608, in_queue=14576148, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2061
  read : io=1634.4MB, bw=13905KB/s, iops=3476 , runt=120358msec
  write: io=1631.2MB, bw=13878KB/s, iops=3469 , runt=120358msec
  cpu          : usr=2.92%, sys=67.19%, ctx=6850881, majf=0, minf=111688
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=418382/w=417586/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1634.4MB, aggrb=13904KB/s, minb=13904KB/s, maxb=13904KB/s, mint=120358msec, maxt=120358msec
  WRITE: io=1631.2MB, aggrb=13878KB/s, minb=13878KB/s, maxb=13878KB/s, mint=120358msec, maxt=120358msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=418007/417253, merge=20/50, ticks=7561940/7478344, in_queue=15054076, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2127
  read : io=1633.9MB, bw=13795KB/s, iops=3448 , runt=121283msec
  write: io=1631.9MB, bw=13778KB/s, iops=3444 , runt=121283msec
  cpu          : usr=2.87%, sys=67.46%, ctx=6781790, majf=0, minf=111878
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=418273/w=417759/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0
 
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1633.9MB, aggrb=13794KB/s, minb=13794KB/s, maxb=13794KB/s, mint=121283msec, maxt=121283msec
  WRITE: io=1631.9MB, aggrb=13777KB/s, minb=13777KB/s, maxb=13777KB/s, mint=121283msec, maxt=121283msec
 
Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=417379/416961, merge=21/40, ticks=7458928/7375380, in_queue=14852880, util=100.00%

 



Testy QCOW2 dla nowszej wersji QEMU

  • QCOW2

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23530 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11779.24 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1598 MB in  3.00 seconds = 532.45 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22800 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11414.18 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2046 MB in  3.00 seconds = 681.97 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23052 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11540.52 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2148 MB in  3.00 seconds = 715.65 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.184973 s, 554 MB/s


real 0m0.197s
user 0m0.020s
sys 0m0.152s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.183597 s, 558 MB/s


real 0m0.195s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.168s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.178991 s, 572 MB/s


real 0m0.191s
user 0m0.016s
sys 0m0.156s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1992
  read : io=1603.2MB, bw=13608KB/s, iops=3401 , runt=120639msec
  write: io=1606.4MB, bw=13635KB/s, iops=3408 , runt=120639msec
  cpu          : usr=2.62%, sys=69.02%, ctx=6680527, majf=0, minf=111717
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=410408/w=411224/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1603.2MB, aggrb=13607KB/s, minb=13607KB/s, maxb=13607KB/s, mint=120639msec, maxt=120639msec
  WRITE: io=1606.4MB, aggrb=13634KB/s, minb=13634KB/s, maxb=13634KB/s, mint=120639msec, maxt=120639msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=410191/411060, merge=21/55, ticks=7190008/7179636, in_queue=14372900, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2058
  read : io=1584.3MB, bw=13408KB/s, iops=3351 , runt=120991msec
  write: io=1581.4MB, bw=13381KB/s, iops=3345 , runt=120991msec
  cpu          : usr=2.64%, sys=69.08%, ctx=6506626, majf=0, minf=111793
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=405559/w=404745/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1584.3MB, aggrb=13407KB/s, minb=13407KB/s, maxb=13407KB/s, mint=120991msec, maxt=120991msec
  WRITE: io=1581.4MB, aggrb=13380KB/s, minb=13380KB/s, maxb=13380KB/s, mint=120991msec, maxt=120991msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=405003/404258, merge=14/42, ticks=7075344/6991332, in_queue=14093356, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2124
  read : io=1605.1MB, bw=13645KB/s, iops=3411 , runt=120452msec
  write: io=1604.1MB, bw=13644KB/s, iops=3410 , runt=120452msec
  cpu          : usr=2.75%, sys=70.89%, ctx=6590999, majf=0, minf=111620
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=410904/w=410856/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1605.1MB, aggrb=13645KB/s, minb=13645KB/s, maxb=13645KB/s, mint=120452msec, maxt=120452msec
  WRITE: io=1604.1MB, aggrb=13643KB/s, minb=13643KB/s, maxb=13643KB/s, mint=120452msec, maxt=120452msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=410553/410560, merge=13/45, ticks=6958768/6845648, in_queue=13804608, util=100.00%

 

 

  • QCOW2 + io='native'

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23224 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11625.77 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1814 MB in  3.00 seconds = 604.63 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22914 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11473.00 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2026 MB in  3.00 seconds = 674.98 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22562 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11294.95 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2160 MB in  3.00 seconds = 719.17 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.19485 s, 526 MB/s


real 0m0.206s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.172s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.19485 s, 526 MB/s


real 0m0.206s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.172s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.171593 s, 597 MB/s


real 0m0.183s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.168s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2000
  read : io=1599.7MB, bw=13589KB/s, iops=3397 , runt=120542msec
  write: io=1595.1MB, bw=13557KB/s, iops=3389 , runt=120542msec
  cpu          : usr=2.56%, sys=71.33%, ctx=6510827, majf=0, minf=111711
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=409498/w=408550/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1599.7MB, aggrb=13588KB/s, minb=13588KB/s, maxb=13588KB/s, mint=120542msec, maxt=120542msec
  WRITE: io=1595.1MB, aggrb=13557KB/s, minb=13557KB/s, maxb=13557KB/s, mint=120542msec, maxt=120542msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=408592/407730, merge=24/35, ticks=6727056/6692940, in_queue=13433660, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2066
  read : io=1592.4MB, bw=13490KB/s, iops=3372 , runt=120852msec
  write: io=1587.5MB, bw=13451KB/s, iops=3362 , runt=120852msec
  cpu          : usr=2.54%, sys=71.44%, ctx=6546014, majf=0, minf=111698
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=407562/w=406390/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1592.4MB, aggrb=13489KB/s, minb=13489KB/s, maxb=13489KB/s, mint=120852msec, maxt=120852msec
  WRITE: io=1587.5MB, aggrb=13450KB/s, minb=13450KB/s, maxb=13450KB/s, mint=120852msec, maxt=120852msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=406825/405722, merge=19/38, ticks=6836368/6720768, in_queue=13560772, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2132
  read : io=1596.6MB, bw=13549KB/s, iops=3387 , runt=120670msec
  write: io=1598.7MB, bw=13566KB/s, iops=3391 , runt=120670msec
  cpu          : usr=2.68%, sys=71.18%, ctx=6564347, majf=0, minf=111703
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=408726/w=409258/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1596.6MB, aggrb=13548KB/s, minb=13548KB/s, maxb=13548KB/s, mint=120670msec, maxt=120670msec
  WRITE: io=1598.7MB, aggrb=13566KB/s, minb=13566KB/s, maxb=13566KB/s, mint=120670msec, maxt=120670msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=407837/408465, merge=21/42, ticks=6820476/6767712, in_queue=13639632, util=100.00%

 

 

  • QCOW2 + cache='writeback'

 


hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23388 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11708.33 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1862 MB in  3.00 seconds = 620.31 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23098 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11562.59 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2064 MB in  3.00 seconds = 687.54 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

Timing cached reads:   23046 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11536.99 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 2190 MB in  3.00 seconds = 729.45 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.17016 s, 602 MB/s


real 0m0.181s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.160s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.175183 s, 585 MB/s


real 0m0.187s
user 0m0.016s
sys 0m0.144s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.172181 s, 595 MB/s


real 0m0.183s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.164s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1998
  read : io=1624.1MB, bw=13803KB/s, iops=3450 , runt=120546msec
  write: io=1627.9MB, bw=13828KB/s, iops=3456 , runt=120546msec
  cpu          : usr=2.66%, sys=72.07%, ctx=6528485, majf=0, minf=111656
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=415986/w=416718/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1624.1MB, aggrb=13803KB/s, minb=13803KB/s, maxb=13803KB/s, mint=120546msec, maxt=120546msec
  WRITE: io=1627.9MB, aggrb=13827KB/s, minb=13827KB/s, maxb=13827KB/s, mint=120546msec, maxt=120546msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=415871/416655, merge=17/50, ticks=6840688/6746092, in_queue=13593340, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2064
  read : io=1646.1MB, bw=13979KB/s, iops=3494 , runt=120578msec
  write: io=1642.1MB, bw=13952KB/s, iops=3488 , runt=120578msec
  cpu          : usr=3.09%, sys=72.58%, ctx=6747180, majf=0, minf=111688
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=421401/w=420583/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1646.1MB, aggrb=13979KB/s, minb=13979KB/s, maxb=13979KB/s, mint=120578msec, maxt=120578msec
  WRITE: io=1642.1MB, aggrb=13952KB/s, minb=13952KB/s, maxb=13952KB/s, mint=120578msec, maxt=120578msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=421008/420269, merge=77/53, ticks=6850076/6804252, in_queue=13660388, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2134
  read : io=1647.9MB, bw=14029KB/s, iops=3507 , runt=120279msec
  write: io=1653.4MB, bw=14076KB/s, iops=3519 , runt=120279msec
  cpu          : usr=2.93%, sys=73.31%, ctx=6571758, majf=0, minf=111593
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=421857/w=423263/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1647.9MB, aggrb=14029KB/s, minb=14029KB/s, maxb=14029KB/s, mint=120279msec, maxt=120279msec
  WRITE: io=1653.4MB, aggrb=14076KB/s, minb=14076KB/s, maxb=14076KB/s, mint=120279msec, maxt=120279msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=420840/422279, merge=14/40, ticks=6518376/6650264, in_queue=13173724, util=100.00%

 

 

  • QCOW2 + cache='writeback' + io='native'

 

 

hdparm test no1
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22504 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11265.68 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 1904 MB in  3.00 seconds = 634.34 MB/sec

hdparm test no2
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   22766 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11399.53 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2170 MB in  3.00 seconds = 723.21 MB/sec

hdparm test no3
wynik:

 Timing cached reads:   23150 MB in  2.00 seconds = 11589.28 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 2162 MB in  3.00 seconds = 720.13 MB/sec

dd test no1
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.186657 s, 549 MB/s


real 0m0.196s
user 0m0.016s
sys 0m0.152s

dd test no2
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.190407 s, 538 MB/s


real 0m0.202s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.168s

dd test no3
wynik:

102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.175742 s, 583 MB/s


real 0m0.187s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.168s

fio test no1
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=1988
  read : io=1647.6MB, bw=14021KB/s, iops=3505 , runt=120331msec
  write: io=1643.2MB, bw=13983KB/s, iops=3495 , runt=120331msec
  cpu          : usr=2.74%, sys=73.52%, ctx=6647145, majf=0, minf=111589
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=421777/w=420655/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1647.6MB, aggrb=14020KB/s, minb=14020KB/s, maxb=14020KB/s, mint=120331msec, maxt=120331msec
  WRITE: io=1643.2MB, aggrb=13983KB/s, minb=13983KB/s, maxb=13983KB/s, mint=120331msec, maxt=120331msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=421040/419963, merge=17/42, ticks=6682528/6580992, in_queue=13271424, util=100.00%

fio test no2
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2054
  read : io=1626.4MB, bw=13783KB/s, iops=3445 , runt=120804msec
  write: io=1629.1MB, bw=13816KB/s, iops=3454 , runt=120804msec
  cpu          : usr=2.58%, sys=71.52%, ctx=6512853, majf=0, minf=111742
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=416264/w=417272/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1626.4MB, aggrb=13783KB/s, minb=13783KB/s, maxb=13783KB/s, mint=120804msec, maxt=120804msec
  WRITE: io=1629.1MB, aggrb=13816KB/s, minb=13816KB/s, maxb=13816KB/s, mint=120804msec, maxt=120804msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=415807/416884, merge=18/38, ticks=6808068/6661404, in_queue=13496612, util=100.00%

fio test no3
wynik:

file1: (groupid=0, jobs=64): err= 0: pid=2121
  read : io=1650.4MB, bw=14033KB/s, iops=3508 , runt=120429msec
  write: io=1648.5MB, bw=14016KB/s, iops=3504 , runt=120429msec
  cpu          : usr=2.77%, sys=74.11%, ctx=6538534, majf=0, minf=111599
  IO depths    : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued    : total=r=422482/w=421998/d=0, short=r=0/w=0/d=0


Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: io=1650.4MB, aggrb=14032KB/s, minb=14032KB/s, maxb=14032KB/s, mint=120429msec, maxt=120429msec
  WRITE: io=1648.5MB, aggrb=14016KB/s, minb=14016KB/s, maxb=14016KB/s, mint=120429msec, maxt=120429msec


Disk stats (read/write):
  sda: ios=422325/421929, merge=19/43, ticks=6414716/6368468, in_queue=12785324, util=100.00%

 

 

 

Summa summarum

 

Z testów wynika, iż możemy raczej obalić pierwszą tezę - format RAW nie jest znacznie szybszy od QCOW2 - różnica jest naprawdę nie wielka i dodając błędy statystyczne możemy śmiało tak stwierdzić.
Co do tezy numer dwa oraz trzy mam pewne wątpliwości, ponieważ o ile przy nowszej wersji nie widać znaczącej różnicy w wydajności, tak przy starszej wersji przy włączonym cache'owaniu różnica była widoczna. Ja osobiście jednak częściowo obalam tezę numer 2, tak samo jak tezę numer 3.
Pragnę jeszcze raz podkreślić, że testy były mocno subiektywne i nie oddają w pełni istoty zagadnień tutaj poruszanych, niemniej jednak mam nadzieję że kiedyś komuś tutaj się przydadzą. Mnie na pewno jasno zobrazowały kilka kwestii i pozwoliły odpowiedzieć na moje pytanie.
W przyszłości chętnie przeprowadziłbym bardziej dogłebne testy najnowszych wersji własnoręcznie skompilowanego QEMU w bardziej sterylnym środowisku, lecz niestety obecnie brak czasu i możliwości uniemożliwia mi to. Zachęcam również do tego¸ aby szerzej zbadać temat QEMU oraz tego w jaką stronę podąża wirtualizacja KVM czy XEN względem kompercyjnych gotowców ( VMware, VirtualBox, Hyper-V etc. ), zarówno w kwestii wydajności jak i sposobu zapisywania sesji i backupowania "w locie". Warto czytać mail-listy i fora np. takie albo takie, aby uzyskać informację od godnych zaufania ludzi siedzących głębiej w tym temacie.
Jako smaczek na koniec dodam jeszcze¸ że QCOW3 zapowiada się całkiem ciekawie ;)
Pozdrawiam serdecznie,

 

~ Spoofy
Edytowano przez Spoofy (zobacz historię edycji)
  • Upvote 4

Udostępnij ten post

Link to postu
Udostępnij na innych stronach

Bądź aktywny! Zaloguj się lub utwórz konto

Tylko zarejestrowani użytkownicy mogą komentować zawartość tej strony

Utwórz konto

Zarejestruj nowe konto, to proste!

Zarejestruj nowe konto

Zaloguj się

Posiadasz własne konto? Użyj go!

Zaloguj się
Przejdź do listy tematów Administracja Serwerów
×